Traffic reduction
Due to heavy load on current APRS networks it is advised use the paradigm routing algorthm in a live system for permanent installation.
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As DIGI_NED is capeable of manipulating a digi-path. DIGI_NED is a powerful solution to run in a high-load traffic area. Using the powerfull rules a too long or unuseable digi-path can be corrected or reduced in time to live or hops.
This maunual contains a drop-in example for using in this environment. The rules can be used to reduce the traffic on the APRS QRG a lot and.The changes to the DIGI_NED default configuration:
- All TRACEn-N calls are mapped to WIDEn-N (save packet size)
- Maximal 5 Hops used for TRACEn-N en WIDEn-N
- Digipeaters in the via list AFTER TRACEn-N and WIDEn-N will be stripped
- SSID digipeating for a maximum of 5 hops
- Static beacons are not digipeated withing 30 minutes unless they are recieved directly (the next digi will stop those when using the same setup)
- Packets without a path are not picked up anymore
- Satellietes which are out of range are updated every 15 min (was 10)
This configuration will save a lot of traffic. Just take a look on what is have changed.
- The function TRACEn-N is due to this configuration useless but in a mature network it is not needed. Jou either have traffic or space.
- Mobile stations are not affected, unless they want to use more than 5 hops, that will become 5 hops and no more...
More space on APRS!
d_hiload.ini |
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; Inteligent digipeating rules for reduced traffic ; ; Handling of WIDEn-N ; ------------------- ; ; To reduce traffic WIDE7-n and WIDE6-n calls are reduced to only hop 5 ; times by changing them to WIDE5-n calls. This is gently, we could have ; thrown these packets away! ; ; We use the "replace" operation instead of "swap" so bypasses like adding ; new digipeaters after the WIDEn-N call will not work (they are wiped out). ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 7 Hops ; ; WIDE7-7 should become WIDE7-6, now becomes WIDE5-4 (1 hop done 4 to go) ; digipeat: all wide7-7 all replace0 wide5-4 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 6 Hops ; ; WIDE7-6 should become WIDE7-5, now becomes WIDE5-3 (2 hops done 3 to go) ; WIDE6-6 should become WIDE6-5, now becomes WIDE5-4 (1 hop done 4 to go) ; digipeat: all wide7-6 all replace0 wide5-3 digipeat: all wide6-6 all replace0 wide5-4 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 5 Hops ; ; WIDE7-5 should become WIDE7-4, now becomes WIDE5-2 (3 hops done 2 to go) ; WIDE6-5 should become WIDE6-4, now becomes WIDE5-3 (2 hops done 3 to go) ; digipeat: all wide7-5 all replace0 wide5-2 digipeat: all wide6-5 all replace0 wide5-3 digipeat: all wide5-5 all replace0 wide5-4 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 4 Hops ; ; WIDE7-4 should become WIDE7-3, now becomes WIDE5-1 (4 hops done 1 to go) ; WIDE6-4 should become WIDE6-3, now becomes WIDE5-2 (3 hops done 2 to go) ; digipeat: all wide7-4 all replace0 wide5-1 digipeat: all wide6-4 all replace0 wide5-2 digipeat: all wide5-4 all replace0 wide5-3 digipeat: all wide4-4 all replace0 wide4-3 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 3 Hops ; ; WIDE7-3 should become WIDE7-2, now becomes WIDE5* (5 hops done, finished) ; WIDE6-3 should become WIDE6-2, now becomes WIDE5-1 (4 hops done 1 to go) ; digipeat: all wide7-3 all replace wide5 digipeat: all wide6-3 all replace0 wide5-1 digipeat: all wide5-3 all replace0 wide5-2 digipeat: all wide4-3 all replace0 wide4-2 digipeat: all wide3-3 all replace0 wide3-2 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 2 Hops ; ; WIDE7-2 should become WIDE7-1, now ignored (5 hops already done) ; WIDE6-2 should become WIDE6-1, now becomes WIDE5* (5 hops done, finished) ; ;digipeat: all wide7-2 all replace wide5 digipeat: all wide6-2 all replace wide5 digipeat: all wide5-2 all replace0 wide5-1 digipeat: all wide4-2 all replace0 wide4-1 digipeat: all wide3-2 all replace0 wide3-1 digipeat: all wide2-2 all replace0 wide2-1 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 1 Hop ; ; WIDE7-1 should become WIDE7*, now ignored (5 hops already done) ; WIDE6-1 should become WIDE6*, now ignored (5 hops already done) ; ;digipeat: all wide7-1 all replace wide5 ;digipeat: all wide6-1 all replace wide5 digipeat: all wide5-1 all replace wide5 digipeat: all wide4-1 all replace wide4 digipeat: all wide3-1 all replace wide3 digipeat: all wide2-1 all replace wide2 digipeat: all wide1-1 all replace wide1 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 0 Hops, and strange WIDE formats are not repeated anymore (deleted)! ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; Handling of TRACEn-N ; --------------------- ; ; We convert all TRACEn-N calls to WIDEn-N to keep the packets short. ; ; To reduce traffic TRACE7-n and TRACE6-n calls are reduced to only hop 5 ; times by changing them to WIDE5-n calls. This is gently, we could have ; thrown these packets away! For comment see WIDEn-N. ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 7 Hops ; digipeat: all trace7-7 all replace0 wide5-4 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 6 Hops ; digipeat: all trace7-6 all replace0 wide5-3 digipeat: all trace6-6 all replace0 wide5-4 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 5 Hops ; digipeat: all trace7-5 all replace0 wide5-2 digipeat: all trace6-5 all replace0 wide5-3 digipeat: all trace5-5 all replace0 wide5-4 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 4 Hops ; digipeat: all trace7-4 all replace0 wide5-1 digipeat: all trace6-4 all replace0 wide5-2 digipeat: all trace5-4 all replace0 wide5-3 digipeat: all trace4-4 all replace0 wide4-3 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 3 Hops ; digipeat: all trace7-3 all replace wide5 digipeat: all trace6-3 all replace0 wide5-1 digipeat: all trace5-3 all replace0 wide5-2 digipeat: all trace4-3 all replace0 wide4-2 digipeat: all trace3-3 all replace0 wide3-2 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 2 Hops ; ;digipeat: all trace7-2 all replace wide5 digipeat: all trace6-2 all replace wide5 digipeat: all trace5-2 all replace0 wide5-1 digipeat: all trace4-2 all replace0 wide4-1 digipeat: all trace3-2 all replace0 wide3-1 digipeat: all trace2-2 all replace0 wide2-1 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 1 Hop ; ;digipeat: all trace7-1 all replace wide5 ;digipeat: all trace6-1 all replace wide5 digipeat: all trace5-1 all replace wide5 digipeat: all trace4-1 all replace wide4 digipeat: all trace3-1 all replace wide3 digipeat: all trace2-1 all replace wide2 digipeat: all trace1-1 all replace wide1 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; 0 Hops, and strange TRACE formats are not repeated anymore (deleted)! ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; If a packet "ended" at WIDE or TRACE its finised (deleted)! ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; Handling of destination-SSID based digipeating ; ---------------------------------------------- ; ; Reduced the maximum number of hops to 5 for SSID's 6 and 7 ; digito: all *-1 all 0 add DIGI_CALL digito: all *-2 all 1 add0 DIGI_CALL digito: all *-3 all 2 add0 DIGI_CALL digito: all *-4 all 3 add0 DIGI_CALL digito: all *-5 all 4 add0 DIGI_CALL digito: all *-6 all 4 add0 DIGI_CALL digito: all *-7 all 4 add0 DIGI_CALL ; digissid: all *-1 all 0 keep digissid: all *-2 all 1 keep0 digissid: all *-3 all 2 keep0 digissid: all *-4 all 3 keep0 digissid: all *-5 all 3 keep0 digissid: all *-6 all 3 keep0 digissid: all *-7 all 3 keep0 ; ; SSID directional digipeating ; ---------------------------- ; ; Now using WIDEn-N type calls, that gives a smaller packet ; digito: 1 *-8 all 0 add WIDE2-2 digito: 1 *-9 all 0 add WIDE2-2 digito: 1 *-10 all 0 add WIDE2-2 digito: 1 *-11 all 0 add WIDE2-2 ; digito: 1 *-12 all 0 add WIDE3-3 digito: 1 *-13 all 0 add WIDE3-3 digito: 1 *-14 all 0 add WIDE3-3 digito: 1 *-15 all 0 add WIDE3-3 ; ; ssid_ignore_prefix: ; ssid_ignore_prefix: ~ ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; Packets with no existing digipeaters are not digipeated (deleted)! ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; Preemptive digipeating. ; preempt: all RELAY IGNORE preempt: all DIGI_CALL ; ; If the next call appears in a preempted digipeater list and is not ; already used then retain the call by relocating the call after the ; preempted call. ; preempt_keep: PA*,PE*,PD*,PI* ; ; Some calls should never be relocated, even they match with ; "preempt_keep:". These are named in here. ; preempt_never_keep: RELAY*,WIDE*,TRACE* ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; Local ports. Left commented out, this is for a "fill-in" digi, not ; for a WIDE! ; ;local: 2 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; How many calls kept in the digipeater software ; ; The "size_heard_list" defines how many calls are remembered ; for the "mheard" and "dx" queries. If it is too small then ; the DX function cannot give accurate long-term reports. ; size_heard_list: 100 ; ; Show a lower number of calls on a MH query, only the latest 16, this are ; 4 packets. ; size_heard_show: 16 ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; How many seconds old data transmissions are remembered to prevent loops. ; ; We want fixed stations to beacon no more that once per 30 minutes. To ; allow timing differences we set the keep_time: to 29 minutes. So packets ; with the same content are not again digipeated when they appear again ; within 29 minutes. This is 20 x 60 = 1740 seconds. ; ; Effect: Static data can only appear at 29 minute intervals MAX, not more ; unless the station is direct. Your local digi will repeat your direct ; packet but the next one will not do so when the same packet appears within ; 29 minutes. Becaude data from mobile stations changes all the time, their ; packets get through! ; keep_time: 1740 ; ; Messages and data need retransmission until acked, to this is still 10 ; seconds. ; short_keep_time: 10 data_prefix: :? ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ; ; Calls we don't want to repeat. ; block: N0CALL,NOCALL,MYCALL ; ;allow_to: 2 MAIL*,FBB* ; ;allow_from: 1,2 PE*,PA*,PI* ;allow_from: 2 PD* ; ; Calls that are not allowed to query the digipeater ; msg_block: N0CALL,NOCALL,MYCALL ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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