Traffic reduction
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Due to heavy load on current APRS networks it is advised use the paradigm routing algorthm
in a live system for permanent installation.
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As DIGI_NED is capeable of manipulating a digi-path. DIGI_NED is a powerful solution to run in a high-load traffic area. Using the powerfull rules a too long or unuseable digi-path can be corrected or reduced in time to live or hops.
This maunual contains a drop-in example for using in this environment. The rules can be used to reduce the traffic on the APRS QRG a lot and.The changes to the DIGI_NED default configuration:
- All TRACEn-N calls are mapped to WIDEn-N (save packet size)
- Maximal 5 Hops used for TRACEn-N en WIDEn-N
- Digipeaters in the via list AFTER TRACEn-N and WIDEn-N will be stripped
- SSID digipeating for a maximum of 5 hops
- Static beacons are not digipeated withing 30 minutes unless they are recieved directly (the next digi will stop those when using the same setup)
- Packets without a path are not picked up anymore
- Satellietes which are out of range are updated every 15 min (was 10)
This configuration will save a lot of traffic. Just take a look on what is have changed.
- The function TRACEn-N is due to this configuration useless but in a mature network it is not needed. Jou either have traffic or space.
- Mobile stations are not affected, unless they want to use more than 5 hops, that will become 5 hops and no more...
More space on APRS!
| d_hiload.ini |
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Inteligent digipeating rules for reduced traffic
;
; Handling of WIDEn-N
; -------------------
;
; To reduce traffic WIDE7-n and WIDE6-n calls are reduced to only hop 5
; times by changing them to WIDE5-n calls. This is gently, we could have
; thrown these packets away!
;
; We use the "replace" operation instead of "swap" so bypasses like adding
; new digipeaters after the WIDEn-N call will not work (they are wiped out).
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 7 Hops
;
; WIDE7-7 should become WIDE7-6, now becomes WIDE5-4 (1 hop done 4 to go)
;
digipeat: all wide7-7 all replace0 wide5-4
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 6 Hops
;
; WIDE7-6 should become WIDE7-5, now becomes WIDE5-3 (2 hops done 3 to go)
; WIDE6-6 should become WIDE6-5, now becomes WIDE5-4 (1 hop done 4 to go)
;
digipeat: all wide7-6 all replace0 wide5-3
digipeat: all wide6-6 all replace0 wide5-4
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 5 Hops
;
; WIDE7-5 should become WIDE7-4, now becomes WIDE5-2 (3 hops done 2 to go)
; WIDE6-5 should become WIDE6-4, now becomes WIDE5-3 (2 hops done 3 to go)
;
digipeat: all wide7-5 all replace0 wide5-2
digipeat: all wide6-5 all replace0 wide5-3
digipeat: all wide5-5 all replace0 wide5-4
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 4 Hops
;
; WIDE7-4 should become WIDE7-3, now becomes WIDE5-1 (4 hops done 1 to go)
; WIDE6-4 should become WIDE6-3, now becomes WIDE5-2 (3 hops done 2 to go)
;
digipeat: all wide7-4 all replace0 wide5-1
digipeat: all wide6-4 all replace0 wide5-2
digipeat: all wide5-4 all replace0 wide5-3
digipeat: all wide4-4 all replace0 wide4-3
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 3 Hops
;
; WIDE7-3 should become WIDE7-2, now becomes WIDE5* (5 hops done, finished)
; WIDE6-3 should become WIDE6-2, now becomes WIDE5-1 (4 hops done 1 to go)
;
digipeat: all wide7-3 all replace wide5
digipeat: all wide6-3 all replace0 wide5-1
digipeat: all wide5-3 all replace0 wide5-2
digipeat: all wide4-3 all replace0 wide4-2
digipeat: all wide3-3 all replace0 wide3-2
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 2 Hops
;
; WIDE7-2 should become WIDE7-1, now ignored (5 hops already done)
; WIDE6-2 should become WIDE6-1, now becomes WIDE5* (5 hops done, finished)
;
;digipeat: all wide7-2 all replace wide5
digipeat: all wide6-2 all replace wide5
digipeat: all wide5-2 all replace0 wide5-1
digipeat: all wide4-2 all replace0 wide4-1
digipeat: all wide3-2 all replace0 wide3-1
digipeat: all wide2-2 all replace0 wide2-1
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 1 Hop
;
; WIDE7-1 should become WIDE7*, now ignored (5 hops already done)
; WIDE6-1 should become WIDE6*, now ignored (5 hops already done)
;
;digipeat: all wide7-1 all replace wide5
;digipeat: all wide6-1 all replace wide5
digipeat: all wide5-1 all replace wide5
digipeat: all wide4-1 all replace wide4
digipeat: all wide3-1 all replace wide3
digipeat: all wide2-1 all replace wide2
digipeat: all wide1-1 all replace wide1
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 0 Hops, and strange WIDE formats are not repeated anymore (deleted)!
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Handling of TRACEn-N
; ---------------------
;
; We convert all TRACEn-N calls to WIDEn-N to keep the packets short.
;
; To reduce traffic TRACE7-n and TRACE6-n calls are reduced to only hop 5
; times by changing them to WIDE5-n calls. This is gently, we could have
; thrown these packets away! For comment see WIDEn-N.
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 7 Hops
;
digipeat: all trace7-7 all replace0 wide5-4
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 6 Hops
;
digipeat: all trace7-6 all replace0 wide5-3
digipeat: all trace6-6 all replace0 wide5-4
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 5 Hops
;
digipeat: all trace7-5 all replace0 wide5-2
digipeat: all trace6-5 all replace0 wide5-3
digipeat: all trace5-5 all replace0 wide5-4
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 4 Hops
;
digipeat: all trace7-4 all replace0 wide5-1
digipeat: all trace6-4 all replace0 wide5-2
digipeat: all trace5-4 all replace0 wide5-3
digipeat: all trace4-4 all replace0 wide4-3
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 3 Hops
;
digipeat: all trace7-3 all replace wide5
digipeat: all trace6-3 all replace0 wide5-1
digipeat: all trace5-3 all replace0 wide5-2
digipeat: all trace4-3 all replace0 wide4-2
digipeat: all trace3-3 all replace0 wide3-2
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 2 Hops
;
;digipeat: all trace7-2 all replace wide5
digipeat: all trace6-2 all replace wide5
digipeat: all trace5-2 all replace0 wide5-1
digipeat: all trace4-2 all replace0 wide4-1
digipeat: all trace3-2 all replace0 wide3-1
digipeat: all trace2-2 all replace0 wide2-1
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 1 Hop
;
;digipeat: all trace7-1 all replace wide5
;digipeat: all trace6-1 all replace wide5
digipeat: all trace5-1 all replace wide5
digipeat: all trace4-1 all replace wide4
digipeat: all trace3-1 all replace wide3
digipeat: all trace2-1 all replace wide2
digipeat: all trace1-1 all replace wide1
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; 0 Hops, and strange TRACE formats are not repeated anymore (deleted)!
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; If a packet "ended" at WIDE or TRACE its finised (deleted)!
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Handling of destination-SSID based digipeating
; ----------------------------------------------
;
; Reduced the maximum number of hops to 5 for SSID's 6 and 7
;
digito: all *-1 all 0 add DIGI_CALL
digito: all *-2 all 1 add0 DIGI_CALL
digito: all *-3 all 2 add0 DIGI_CALL
digito: all *-4 all 3 add0 DIGI_CALL
digito: all *-5 all 4 add0 DIGI_CALL
digito: all *-6 all 4 add0 DIGI_CALL
digito: all *-7 all 4 add0 DIGI_CALL
;
digissid: all *-1 all 0 keep
digissid: all *-2 all 1 keep0
digissid: all *-3 all 2 keep0
digissid: all *-4 all 3 keep0
digissid: all *-5 all 3 keep0
digissid: all *-6 all 3 keep0
digissid: all *-7 all 3 keep0
;
; SSID directional digipeating
; ----------------------------
;
; Now using WIDEn-N type calls, that gives a smaller packet
;
digito: 1 *-8 all 0 add WIDE2-2
digito: 1 *-9 all 0 add WIDE2-2
digito: 1 *-10 all 0 add WIDE2-2
digito: 1 *-11 all 0 add WIDE2-2
;
digito: 1 *-12 all 0 add WIDE3-3
digito: 1 *-13 all 0 add WIDE3-3
digito: 1 *-14 all 0 add WIDE3-3
digito: 1 *-15 all 0 add WIDE3-3
;
; ssid_ignore_prefix:
;
ssid_ignore_prefix: ~
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Packets with no existing digipeaters are not digipeated (deleted)!
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Preemptive digipeating.
;
preempt: all RELAY IGNORE
preempt: all DIGI_CALL
;
; If the next call appears in a preempted digipeater list and is not
; already used then retain the call by relocating the call after the
; preempted call.
;
preempt_keep: PA*,PE*,PD*,PI*
;
; Some calls should never be relocated, even they match with
; "preempt_keep:". These are named in here.
;
preempt_never_keep: RELAY*,WIDE*,TRACE*
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Local ports. Left commented out, this is for a "fill-in" digi, not
; for a WIDE!
;
;local: 2
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; How many calls kept in the digipeater software
;
; The "size_heard_list" defines how many calls are remembered
; for the "mheard" and "dx" queries. If it is too small then
; the DX function cannot give accurate long-term reports.
;
size_heard_list: 100
;
; Show a lower number of calls on a MH query, only the latest 16, this are
; 4 packets.
;
size_heard_show: 16
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; How many seconds old data transmissions are remembered to prevent loops.
;
; We want fixed stations to beacon no more that once per 30 minutes. To
; allow timing differences we set the keep_time: to 29 minutes. So packets
; with the same content are not again digipeated when they appear again
; within 29 minutes. This is 20 x 60 = 1740 seconds.
;
; Effect: Static data can only appear at 29 minute intervals MAX, not more
; unless the station is direct. Your local digi will repeat your direct
; packet but the next one will not do so when the same packet appears within
; 29 minutes. Becaude data from mobile stations changes all the time, their
; packets get through!
;
keep_time: 1740
;
; Messages and data need retransmission until acked, to this is still 10
; seconds.
;
short_keep_time: 10
data_prefix: :?
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;
; Calls we don't want to repeat.
;
block: N0CALL,NOCALL,MYCALL
;
;allow_to: 2 MAIL*,FBB*
;
;allow_from: 1,2 PE*,PA*,PI*
;allow_from: 2 PD*
;
; Calls that are not allowed to query the digipeater
;
msg_block: N0CALL,NOCALL,MYCALL
;
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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